RI03 — Impact Crater Scaling Calculator

Impact Crater Scaling Calculator: Uses Pi-group scaling to estimate crater dimensions from impactor properties and target material.

Impactor Parameters

Diameter (m)

Velocity (km/s) — 11–70 km/s typical

Density (kg/m³)

Impact Angle (degrees from horizontal) — 45° most probable

Target & Environment

Target Material

Target Density (kg/m³)

Strength Y (Pa) — 0 for gravity-dominated

Porosity (0–1)

Gravity (m/s²)

RI03 — Scaling Output

Set parameters and click Calculate to generate crater estimates.

3D Impact Sequence

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Calculate to run impact sequence

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Speed: 1.0× Timeline:

ApproachAtmosphereImpactFormationFinal

Geotechnical Analog — Dynamic Loading & Ground Motion ▼

Run a calculation first to populate this panel.

Reference Craters — Scale Comparison ▼

Crater	Body	Diameter	Impactor Est.	Notes
Barringer (Meteor Crater)	Earth	1.2 km	~50 m iron	Arizona, USA; best-preserved simple crater
Chicxulub	Earth	~180 km	~10 km rocky	K-Pg boundary; Yucatán, Mexico
Tycho	Moon	85 km	~4 km	Ray crater; ~108 Ma
Hellas Planitia	Mars	~2,300 km	~400 km	Ancient impact basin; deepest point on Mars
Vredefort	Earth	~300 km	~15 km	South Africa; oldest confirmed impact structure